Hair waving system



g- 3. 9 0- A. CALDORA 2210,89?

HAIR WAVING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 10, 1939 :5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. ARMAND (L4 LDQRA d ATTORNEYS Aug. 13,1940. I A. CALDORA 2210,897

HAIR WAVING SYSTEM V I Filed Feb. 10, 1939 s Sheets-Sheet 2 BY v W13 i ATTORNEYS ug- 13, A. CALDORA HAIR WAVING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 10, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. .ARMAND CALD ORA ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 13, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING SYSTEM Armand Caldora, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor of one ghalf to Pierre Michielli, 1 Woodhaven, N.

Application February 10, 1939, Serial No. 255,583 13 Claims. (Cl. 132F-36) The present invention relates to a hair waving the utilization of the hair waving arrangement of system and particularly relates to a clamp, curler, the' present application. container and associate devices which are useful Figure 2 is a top perspective view showing the in connection with the curling of the human hair. box with the curler having a strand of hair wound It is among the objects of the present inventhereon and! with the hair. waving pad in position. tion to provide a simple, inexpensive and readily Figures 3 to 6 show the hair curler before atmanipulated arrangement and system which may tachment to the hair and before placement in be utilized either at home or in beauty parlors the box of Figure 2; Figure 3 being a side view for hair waving and particularly for Croquignole in elevation; Figure 4 being a longitudinal secwaving. tional view and Figures 5 and 6 being transverse Another object is to provide a simple, inexpensectional views on the lines 5-5 and 6-43 of sive hair waving method and system by which it Figure 3. will be possible to wave the hair, particularly ac- Figure 7 is a perspective view'of the hair waving cording to the Croquignole method], without the pad which may be folded and placed in the box use of electricity, without the necessity of unduly in the manner indicated in Figure 2. B5

confining the movements or position of the per- Figures 8 to 12 illustrate the box construction, son having the hair waved, without danger of Figure 8 being a top perspective view of the box in burning or overheating the hair, with assurance open positiom-Figures 9, 10 and 11 being transthat the head and scalp will be fully protected verse sectional perspective views on the lines from iniiury and hot liquids and with assurance 9-9, iB-l0 and ll-l| of Figure 8 and Figure 12 go of maximum comfort to the person whose hair being a bottom view.

is being waved. Figures 13 to 19 illustrate another box con- Other objects will be obvious or will be apparstruction, Figure 13 being a top perspective view ent during the course'of the following speciiicawith the lid opens and the box separated with a npart of the front wall broken away; Figure 14 5 In accomplishing the above objects, it has been being a similar perspective view; Figures 15 and found most satisfactory to provide a one piece 16 being transverse sectional views on the lines molded or otherwise formed rubber or flexible box |5-I5 and l6l6 of Figure 14; Figure 17 being device having a clamp to hold the strand of hair an end view of the clamping arrangement and I to be waved adjacent the scalp and'also forming Figures 18 and 19 being respectively sectional 3e 40 The curler itself may be formed of two elona receiver for a curler and for a'hair waving pad views upon'the lines l8-l8 of Figure 17, Figure and a cover to enclose the padand the curler with 18 showing the clamp in position on Figure 17 the coil of hair thereon during the waving treatand Figure 19 showing a clamp in open position. ment. Referring to Figures 1 to 10, a box A which Desirably, the rubber box has formed therein a may be formed of rubber or some other suitable 5 resilient member which acts to press the bottom Synthetic p astic material is provided with a reof the box together to form a seal and clamp and Oeptacle B, a cover C and clamp base Portion D- also to lock the two ends of the box together when box designed t eceive the curler E the clamp is in operative posmcm which carries the strand of hair F in wound or coiled position, the box A may also receive the 40 gated elements of wood, or of a molded resin or p g G in condition as shown in gure plastic or less desirably of a light weight metal, i which may be resiliently and pivotally connected 51: iggi fp H is carried by h body together at one end with a rubber or resilient e fi m peripheral in est: iigiiiftfii itiii teeth 9 engage a pawl device fixed m thewau of may be molded of relatively flexible rubber or the rubber device. some other similar plastic and bendable material The above and other ob ects will appearmore with a back portion 20 am} a from portion 2 I.

clearly from the following detailed" description The Side walls 22 and 23 are molded integrally when taken in connection with the accompanying t t back wall 10,

drawings, and will illustrate a pre e e Extending from the upper edge of the back wall ment of the inventive idea. is the cover:C having the sloping end edges 24,

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a womans and the side edges 25. head illustrating the manner of attachment and Downwardly projecting fins 26 of the cover are designed to fit inside of and against theinner faces 21 of the side walls 22 and 23 so as correctly to locate the cover. I

The cover is also provided with a slit or slot 28 which is designed to engage the finger 29 molded integrally with the front wall 2|.

As best shown in Figure 12, the walls 2l-22 are provided with bottom portions 3ll and 3! which are joined together at 32 (see Figure. 12) and which are split at 33 for a major portion of the length of the bottom of the box A, as best shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11.

The split has the vertical flat abutting faces 34, 35 on either side of the projection 36 and recess 31.

As indicated successively from Figures 9 and 3 10, the bulge at 36 becomes less and less as it apr caches the unsplit'portion 32 of the bottom of t .e box A. It is also possible to continue the bulge 36 without anysuccessive diminution of size.

The combination of the bulge 36 and the recess 31 which closely interfit with one another not only assures a tight clamping of the strand of hair, but also prevents any leakageof liquid from the interior of the box on to the scalp.

The bottom of the box, as best shown in Figure 12 is provided with feet which are arranged in three rows designated respectively 38, 3 9 and 40. The end feet 38b, 39b, and 40b, adjacent the clamp H have extensions 38a below the wall 22 and the end of the side 2 l.

Molded into the bottom portions 30 and 3| is the U-shaped spring 4| which has an end or base portion 42 and side portions 43 and 44.

The end of the portion 43 has an extension 45 extending along the end of the bottom portion 3| and terminating in the turned over portion 46. The element 45 forms a part of the latch H and the other part of the latch is formed by the turned-out tongue 41, the end of which is designed to engage and snap behind the rolled over portion 46.

The tongue 4'! forms a continuation of the end of the portion 44.

The inside portion of the wall 23 is recessed, as indicated at 48 to receive the end portion of the curler E while the other wall portion 22 is recessed, as indicated at 49 to receive the other end portion.

The recess 49 is continued by the rounded recessed portion 50 of the front wall 2|.

As shown best in Figure 9, embedded in the side wall 22 is the inverted V-shaped spring me ber 5|, one leg 52 of which projects into the opening 49.

The leg 52 forms a pawl which cooperates with the curler.

It is noted that the box may be clamped together by engaging latch elements 45 and 4! and the cover may be closed by engaging the slit 28 with the tooth or tang 29.

The fins 25 will cofitact the inside faces 21 of the end walls and will correctly position thecover when closed, with the cover resting closely onthe upper portions of the walls 22 and 23 and 2| so that there is a tight closure on all sides in combination with the interfltting of the projecting portion 35 and the ribs 31.

The curler which. is received in the box of Figures 8 to 11 is best shown in Figure 3.

The curler is formed of two elongated elements 63 and 54 which are curved at 55 and I. The curved portions are designed to receive a coil of hair, the end of which is to be clampe between the flat abutting portions 51.

The rear end of the curler E is provided wii projecting portions 53 and 58 which are bevelle oil at 60 so that the two portions 58 and 59 m: be grasped between the fingers to open the curli and permit the insertion of a strand of hair.

Inside of the bevelled portion 30 is the rece; Si in the lower member 54 into which fits tl projection 62 in the upper member 53, the intei fitting of the recess GI and the projection t forming the pivot mount upon which the el( ments 53 and 54 may be separated.

Beyond the pivot point is the groove 63 whic extends around the entire curler E which ma receive a rubber band 64 or a spring or som other member designed to press the two surfaci 51 together.

' Next to the rubber band or resilient membe 64 is the ratchet 65 which fits into the race: 49-50 of the box A and cooperates with th pawl 52.

On the other side of the ratchetthe elemeni i3 and I 54 are provided with a projection 6 which forms a limit for the strand of hair on on side, the projection 81 on the end 68 of the curle forming a limit for the strand at the other on of the curler.

To keep the elements 53 and 64 aligned, th upper element 53 is provided with a fin 59 whicl fits into a recess 10.

The cylindrical end portion $8 is designed t be received in the recess 48 of the box of Figure 8 to 11.

The intermediate portion of the curler betweei the end portion 68 and the ratchet 65 is receive within the box and is designed to be enclosed b; the cover 24.

The hair waving pad G, which may be folde1 over and inserted in the box in the manner indi cated in Figure 2, has a backing 10a, of foil whicl is folded over, as indicated at H, upon a perme able fabric or cloth bag 12 having the paper 0: foil edges-13.

The bag is designed to hold a chemical wbicl upon being moistened will generate a largl amount of heat, and steam sufficient to steam th strand of hair enclosed in the box C.

In operation, a number of strands of hair I are selected, as indicated in Figure 1. Eacl strand is then inserted through the base of th: box and clamped between the recess 31 and thi ridge 36 by closing the latch H.

The strand of hair is then saturated with 2 hair waving solution and is clamped between thi faces 51 of the curler E and the rest of th! strand is wound up upon the curler E betwee the projections 66 and 61.

When the hair has almost been completely wound, the curler with the coil of hair upon it i: placed in the box with the portion 68 of the portion E being placed in the recess 48 and the ratchet 65 being caused to engage the pawl 52 Then, the hair may be tightened up upon the curler E by cooperation of the ratchet 55 and the pawl 52. Then the pad G is moistened, folded and inserted in the box preferably against the wall 20. I

Then, the cover is closed by latching the slit 28 upon the projection 29.

when there has been sufliclent heat treatment and steaming of the hair, the cover C may be lifted. Before unwinding the hair the same should be thoroughly cool The pad G is then removed, the curler E remo ed, the hair strand F unwound before or after the box A is removed from the hair' by unlatching the elementH.

The hair after release from the curler E may be combed out, moistened or otherwise treated to complete the waving operation.

It will be noted there is no electricity needed,

that the operation is relatively simple, that the closures giving a less expensive apparatus and the shape and size of the box permits the pad to be used in folded condition without causing it to be wrapped upon the hair.

Furthermore, the closure of the box permits the pad to be placed separately from the hair and alongside of the hair, to give a most satisfactory steaming operation which results in a better treatment of the hair.

In the alternative box construction shown in Figures 13 to 19, the box may be made of a plastic material'such as rubber except that the end wall 15 may be provided with an opening I6 to receive the end portion 68 ofthe curler.

The bottom of the box A may small projections 11 instead of the relatively large elongated fins 38, 39 and 40 of Figure 12.

From the end wall portion 18 extends the plate element 19 which is designed'to engage the cir 'cular latch having a projection 8| and a fiat portion 82 which is positioned so as to slide along the projection 19 when the latch is appliedin the manner indicated in Figure 19. i

The latch has a pivotally mounted bar 83 which is pivotally connected at 850. to a projection 85 from the side wall portion 18a attached to the back wall 80.

The two side wall portions 18 and 18a are provided with recessed portions 8|, 82 which receive the ratchet 65.

The wall I9 is provided with the embedded plate member 83a having the serrated edge portion 83 which serves as a pawl to cooperate with the ratchet 65.

It will be noted that the split bottom has two sections 81 which have flat abutting faces 86 instead of the combination 36-31 of the box structure of Figures 8 to 11.

It is apparent that the specific illustrations shown' above have been given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation and that the structures above described are subject to wide variation and modification without departing from the scope or intent of the invention, all of which variations and modifications to be included within the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A hair waving enclosure consisting of a box formed of a iiex'ble self-sealing rubber-like material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair and a cover.

2. A hair waving enclosure consisting of a box formed of a flexible self-sealing rubber-like material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair, a clamp to clamp said split bottom together and recesses to receive a. curler.

3. A hair waving enclosure consisting of a box formed of a flexible self-sealing rubber-like material having a split bottom to receive and clamp have a series of a strand of hair, a clamp to clamp said split bottom together and recesses to receive acurler, one of said recesses having a pawl and the portionof the curler fitting therein being formed as a ratchet.

4. A hair waving enclosure consisting of a box formed of a flexible self-sealing rubber-like material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair, a clamp to clamp said split bottom together and recesses to receive a curler, said material consisting of molded rubber.

' 5. A hair waving enclosure formed of a flexible self-sealing rubber-like materialhaving a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair, a clamp to clamp said split bottom together and recesses to receive a curler, said clamp being molded into the base of said box.

6. A hair curler consisting of two elongated members, provided with a pivotal connection, a resilient band to clamp said members together to grasp the outer end of a. strand of hair, said members being also provided with a tapered portion upon which the strand of hair may be coiled, the abutting faces of said elements adjacent said pivotal connection being respectively provided with a longitudinally directed recess and with a fin fitting therein holding said elements in alignment when separated or moved together.

7. A hair curler consisting of two elongated elements having flattened abutting faces and having central concave portions upon which is to be wound a strand of hair, the ends of said elements beyond said concave portions being provided with cylindrical extensions, said cylindri-.

cal extensions being provided with outstanding ridges adjacent said concave portions to hold the hair in position upon said concave portions and pivotal connection means at one end of said elements beyond said ridges.

8. A hair curler consisting of two elongated elements having flattened abutting faces and having central concave portions upon which is beyond said concave to be wound a strand of hair, the ends of said elements beyond said concave portions being provided with cylindrical extensions, said cylindrical extensions being provided with outstanding ridges adjacent said concave portions to hold the hair in position upon said concave portions and pivotal connection means at one end of said elements beyond said ridges, said pivotal connection means including a rubber band encircling said cylindrical extensions.

9. A hair curler consisting of two elongated elements having flattened abutting faces and having central concave portions upon which is to be wound a strand of hair, the ends of said elements portions being provided with cylindrical extensions, said cylindrical extensions being provided with outstanding ridges adjacent said concave portions to hold the hair in position upon said concave portions and pivotal connection means at one end of said elements beyond said ridges, said pivotal connection means including a transverse groove in one of said elements and a transverse ridge in the other of said elements.

10. A hair curler consisting of two elongated elements having flattened abutting-faces and having central concave portions upon which is to be wound a strand of elements beyond said concave portions being provided with cylindrical extensions, said cylindrical extensions being provided adjacent said concave portions to hold the hair in position upon sald'conbave portions and pivhair, the ends of said' with outstanding ridges consisting of a box otal connection means at one end of said elements beyond said ridges, said cylindrical extensions being elongated at said pivotal connection means and including a ratchet positioned adjacent said outstanding ridge and a rubber band positioned next to said ratchet and the abutting faces of said elongated cylindrical extensions vbeing provided respectively with longitudinal and transverse grooves and with longitudinal and transverse ridges fitting in said grooves and the ends of said elongated cylindrical extensions being inwardly bevelled so as to permit separation of said flattened abutting faces.

11. A self-sealing rubber hair waving enclosure to receive and hold a curling rod holding a strand of hair and an exothermic hair waving pad and serving to form a tight seal against the escape of steam or moisture from the interior thereof when applied to the head, said enclosure consisting of a box formed of an integral piece of rubber material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair adjacent the scalp and serve as-a scalp protector having side recesses to receive a curling rod, having a pawl to enable tightening and winding up of said curling rod and to hold said curling rod in position and having a cover flap to enclose the upper end thereof and form a tight seal, the split bottom of said enclosure having a U-shaped member molded therein, the ends of which project to form -a latch.

12. A self-sealing rubber hair waving enclosure -to receive and hold a curling rod holding a strand of hair and an exothermic hair waving pad and serving to form a tight seal against the escape of steam or moisture from the interior thereof when applied to the head, said enclosure consisting of a box formed of an integral piece of rubber material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair adjacent the scalp and serve as a scalp protector having side recesses to receive a curling rod, having a pawl to enable tightening and'winding up of said curling rod and to hold said curling rod in position and having a cover flap to enclose the upper end thereof and form a tight seal, the split bottom of said enclosure having a U-shaped member molded therein, the ends of which project to form a latch, said pawl being molded into the body of said enclosure.

13. A self-sealing rubber hair waving enclosure to receive and hold a curling rod holding a strand of hair and an exothermic hair waving pad and serving to form a tight seal against the escape of steam or, moisture from the interior thereof when applied to the head, said enclosure consisting of a box formed of an integral piece of rubber material having a split bottom to receive and clamp a strand of hair adjacent the scalp and serve as a scalp protector having side recesses to receive a curling rod, having a pawl to enable tightening and winding up of said curling rod and to hold said curling rod in position and having a cover flapvto enclose the upper end thereof and form a tight seal, the split bottom of said enclosure having a U -shaped member molded therein, the ends of which project to form a latch, the bottom of said box being provided with a plurality of projections serving as feet to support, said box.

ARMAND CALDORA. 

